Life with multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a chronically inflammatory Entmarkungserkrankung of the central nervous system. The causes of the incurable illness are not clarified until today. The process can be affected however. Groups of self-helps can help affected to lead a to a large extent normal life.

Duesseldorf - sometimes it is a strange feeling in the legs, extreme tiredness or a visual disturbance. In addition, problems during the emptying of intestine or uncertainties can be when going and standing. Apparently little things - nevertheless it can be meaningful to visit a neurologist: All these symptoms can be first signs for a multiple sclerosis, ms abbreviated. With this chronic inflammation the own immune system attacks the isolating coverings of the nerve cells and their cables in the brain and back Mark and damages it.

A clear diagnosis is however not completely simple, because most symptoms can occur also with other diseases. After a detailed discussion of disease history will the physician from there a neurological investigation would drive through, in order to test, how strongly which nerve function is impaired. In addition also attention and memory tests belong. “Here falls some patients
up that already early signs for the illness give it have. They were taken however frequently not seriously”, explain Hans Peter Hartung, director of the neurological hospital at the University of Duesseldorf and deputy chairmen of the medical adviser of the German multiple Sklerose-company.

Mostly women are concerned

To be supplemented these tests can approximately by an investigation of the back Mark liquid - on the one hand, in order to look for inflammation markers, and on the other hand, in order to exclude other illnesses than a cause of the disturbances. Also a magnetresonanztomographische admission considers Hartung necessary: “Here both current herd of inflammation and vernarbte places of faded away inflammations in the brain can be recognized, even if no disease symptoms are”.

Despite the always far improved methods, then in the year 2001 the ms register introduced to Germany shows, lasts it on the average three and a half years, until a clear diagnosis is placed. Most concerning are then between 20 and 40 years old. Why it meets straight it and why more than twice as frequently gets sick to women like men, is so far still unclear. A genetic assessment seems partial to play a role. Also environmental factors such as viruses are discussed as causers.

Multiple sclerosis arises schubweise

If the suspicion on ms was once confirmed, equal most concerning accept the worst. “Many patients see themselves sitting in the wheelchair, if they hear their diagnosis - the probability for a good process is with appropriate treatment very highly”, calms down Hartung. The ms progresses not necessarily inexorably and continuously, but in most cases arises in thrusts, between which breaks for many years and frequently also a recovery of the symptoms can lie.

The most typical and most well-known complaints are movement disturbances, Spastik and powerlessness in the legs, which limit the mobility of the concerning ever more. Which therapy is used, depends thereby particularly on the development of the illness. Here a process documentation helps.

Since ms is so far not more curable, a therapy is to affect above all the disease process favorably. During an acute thrust in addition usually highly proportioned cortisone is given. Its entzündungshemmende effect is to introduce and accelerate the recovery of the symptoms. With a heavy thrust a blood laundry can be effective.

Inflammations must be contained

On a long-term basis is besides a basis therapy the inflammations to contain and new thrusts prevent or it at least moderate. Usually thereby active substances are used such as beta interferon, which modify the reactions of the immune system in such a way that the attack on the body-own fabric is absorbed. If they do not fasten, a Immunsuppressivum can be used, that the immune system altogether suppressed. Meanwhile also a so-called monoklonarer antibody is available, which can be used after risk use consideration.

For the receipt of the quality of life of the concerning the treatment of the individual symptoms is particularly important beside the basis and to the thrust therapy - finally they are it, which determine the everyday life. With the decision, which therapy is applicable, also the contact can help to a group of self-helps.

Groups of self-helps help

However many, in order to accept their diagnosis and this step go, white Christa Andretta, spokeswoman of a group of self-helps need time concerned for ms-concerned in Aachen, from own experience. “Younger concerning are interested above all in it, how it continues with occupation, training and family, during itself older rather over medicines and therapies exchange”, explain them. Occasionally also lectures are offered, which are to inform new group members.

Otherwise one meets once in the month for playing, meal or simply for talking. “With the time one speaks however more rarely about the illness, but enjoys rather the society”, says Andretta. Because the illness has also a social component: Ms patients live frequently very in an isolated manner and have sometimes also no more possibility of attaching contacts. Andretta stresses: “A group of self-helps can offer at least a small alternation.” (strip packing)

Heart weakness can be improved by sport

To suffer humans will on the average ever older and with the age rises also the risk at a chronic heart insufficiency. The heart weakness often develops as consequence of other diseases and can be treated.

Berlin - weak heart usually precedes a prehistory: over long time hypertension, an infarct or heart flap error. Notes for heart weakness are air emergency, edemas (swelling the fabric) and Ermüdbarkeit - and one should take those seriously, like professor Gerd Heusch, president of the German society for Kardiologie (DKG), urgently guesses/advises.

The medical profession speak of so-called chronic heart insufficiency. Who goes thereby with a Kardiologen in treatment, can count according to Heusch on “excellent therapy possibilities”, above all
on the basis of effective medicines. Also regular movement and/or sport can contribute to strengthen a weakened heart circulation system again. A condition is however that the load remains moderate and in arrangement with the physician effected. (strip packing)

More illnesses under work

The illnesses under the work increase in opinions of the Medizinerin Monika Rieger ever more. But will become treated not for occupational diseases also as these. Employers and employees can proceed preventively against it.

T5ubingen - ways of the increase of workconditioned illnesses the industrial union metal in Baden-Wuerttemberg demanded better conditions of work for persons employed. “Work does not have to make ill, but we find frequently unfavorable conditions of work those make ill”, said the IG-Metall district leader Jörg Hofmann at a trade conference of the trade union in flax field EN genuine things. Hofmann criticized that many employers too little health promotion and - prevention operate.

In opinion of the of Tübingen Medizinerin Monika Rieger in the past years workcaused illnesses in Germany increased clearly. With questionings it has the impression gotten that increases humans psychological or physical disturbances by certain stress factors on the job have, said the kommissarische chief of the institute for work and social medicine at the university University of T5ubingen.

Back pain and mouse arms are not everything

“Many psychological illnesses have their origin in the work”, said Rieger. These causes let themselves however only very heavy proofs. Besides muskulös skeletttale illnesses would arise such as back pain or mouse arms. Not all of these diseases are taken up also into the list of the occupational illnesses. Because the accident insurances are responsible for occupational illnesses, must be proven this perfectly as diseases caused by the work.

The Romans would have already recognized already connections between illnesses and certain work, explained Rieger. Nowadays the field of the work illnesses became many more complex however, since also the working sphere became more varied. Often employer would prevent in the meantime preventively illnesses. “Those have also no desire that their employees are ill. Finally they are the economic goods of the enterprise”, said the Medizinerin.

Employers and employees can prevent

Hofmann criticized that only 29 per cent of the enterprises in Baden-Wuerttemberg convert since 1996 the legally prescribed endangerment evaluation. With this “helpful instrument” operational measures let themselves derive. “In the consequence can be arranged efficient health promotion, further training, work organization and personnel employment”, said Hofmann.

In the core go it around it, how work must be changed, in order to be able to exercise it over years to become permanently ill without wearing and. In this connection give it above all to needs for action by the increase of stress-conditioned illnesses. “Hecticness, operating pressure, achievement compression and Mobbing make and many high-level personnel ill see idle too”, criticized Hofmann.

In addition, according to Rieger employees themselves can prevent preventively an illness, in which they optimize for instance the ergonomics on the job. “Desk, mouse and light should be ideally adjusted”, say those to expert. In the long run work could have also positive effects: “Also stop gives you. It is not thus always valid the principle: Work makes ill”, said Rieger. (strip packing)

Organ donation becomes the state affair

Last year the number of the organ donors lay in Germany on the highest conditions since beginning of the organ donation. The numbers for this year are less pleasing. 12,000 humans wait in Germany for a donor organ. Many humans die, because no organ can be arranged for them. The Federal Government wants to create remedy with a large action.

Berlin - “morning knew I not, comes the liver or comes death”, tells Peter Hellriegel. It is 44 years old, father of three children and it got before two years a donor organ. 12,000 humans are similarly as it before two years, it live with the uncertainty and wait for donor organs. Many of them will die. Either because they are taken aufrung their bad general state promptly by the waiting list or because it to for a long time for a donor organ to wait to have. In the Federal Republic only about 4000 donor organs are available.

Only each sixth has a donor document of identification

According to a current IPSOS inquiry two thirds of the Germans would be ready to donate after their dying organs but only each sixth actually possesses a donor document of identification. That is to now change. In October ten million donor documents of identification as supplement in the magazines “pharmacies Umschau” and “baby and family to be found will have”.

“That is one of the largest actions for the increase of the organ PEND readiness, which gave, says it in Germany so far” to federal health minister Ulla Schmidt. “More than four million humans visit daily one of the 21,500 pharmacies, which are with their niedrigschwelligem health offer an ideal place for prevention and health clearing-up”, add the president of the federal pharmacy chamber, Magdalene Linz.

Reasons for restraint are different

The reasons for the low donor numbers are different. On the one hand many potential donors felt not sufficiently enlightened, and on the other hand the readiness is too small on the part of the hospitals with the foundation to co-operate, says the executive committee of the foundation Organtransplantation (DSO), Thomas Beck. According to its data daily three humans die, because they waited in vain for donor organ.

Natalie Cole fights against its hepatitis C

Natalie Cole fights against its hepatitis C

The American singer Natalie Cole has Hepatits C. that already became known in July. Besides it developed depressions, so that their physicians were temporarily afraid for its life. On 9 September she presented her new album and showed to the world that she still fights.

Los Angeles /USA - Natalie Cole is not only the daughter of Nat King Cole, her has also even numerous successes to show. She is a singer and Songwriterin, in her 58 years of life nearly 30 albums out brought, eight Grammies and three American Music Award won. In the year 2000 it published its autobiography, in which it reported also openly on its drug past with heroin, LSD and Crack. In this time it was probably infected with hepatitis the C-virus.

Good therapy results

In spring this yearly was diagnosed the outbreak of the illness with it and begun immediately with the therapy. The artist reported to the “People” magazine that she could not rise three weeks long and weight had lost 7.5 kilograms. It would have its life actually by-pulls to see, said the 58-jährige. The director/conductor of the hospital, in which Cole was treated, indicated at that time in a statement that it responds “unusually well” to the medicines and was already virus negative. “I had to learn a quantity of lessons”, said Cole to the “People” magazine, “, some things I have made better could, but they made me also, what I am.”

Natalie Cole is not alone with their diagnosis, also Pamela Anderson one and Naomi Judd on hepatitis C was positively tested.

Hepatitis C - the virale time bomb

This very day, approximately 20 years after its discovery, is the virus, hepatitis C releases, HCV, to a large extent unexplored and from there unknown. Hepatitis C is an inflammation of the liver. The pathogen is transferred mainly over the blood. Most infections came off due to a blood transfusion. The HCV virus is provable also in other body fluids such as sperm or mother's milk, a transmission by these is however extremely rare.

The illness can run both acutely and chronically. Since symptoms show up rarely, them are recognized often too late usually only by accident and. Classical symptoms are reducingness, pains of the joints, daily tiredness, concentration disturbances, as well as in most cases increased liver enzyme values. If the infection is not in time recognized, the virus provides for the damage of the liver. The viruses settle in liver cells and these become from the “body police”, which destroys white blood corpuscles. If the renewal of the liver cells runs more slowly than the destruction, it can come to Vernarbungen at the liver. That means that in the damaged places new liver cells, but connective tissue is not stored. Because this is however not as flexible as liver fabrics, it comes to ever more injuries. The consequence of it can be a Leberfibrose or life ore erring trousers. The organ cannot follow then its detoxicating activity any longer, the body poisons itself quasi.

If the treatment is in time arranged and accomplished by the patient consistently, the healing chances are today with 50 to 90 per cent. Still in the 90's they lay with only 25 to 40 per cent.

Wrong diagnoses with food allergies

Unreasonable test procedures, did not specialize physicians: Allergies are not recognized at all often wrongly or. Many humans falsely proceed from a food incompatibility, however actually suffer from other things. Each third adult suffers according to estimate of experts at a Allgerie, only each tenth is however correctly recognized.

Erfurt - food allergies are very frequently wrongly diagnosed according to estimate by experts. “There is a number of unreasonable test procedures through not specialized physicians, who cost, criticized patients much suffering and money” the president for Wednesday of the German congress of allergy meeting in Erfurt, Thomas's fox. Many humans believed to react allergisch to certain food or additives. However only about two to three per cent of the adults and four per cent of the children at a genuine food incompatibility would actually suffer.

Peanut allergy particularly dangerously

The search for the causes is difficult and requires often correct detective work. Bio resonance tests or magnetism are however unsuitable for it, said fox. It warned of one-sided diets due to procedures, which were unsuitable for the diagnosis of food allergies. At the same time the danger of these allergies may not be underestimated. If the concerning would not avoid the allergy causes, this could end mortally, warned fox.

The peanut allergy is most dangerous, said the first chairman of the society for Pädiatri Allergologie and environmental medicine, Albrecht Bufe. “Peanut all genes are very aggressive and can lead fast to a life-threatening anaphylaktischen shock.” They are taken up according to Bufe both over the mouth mucous membranes and over the respiratory system. Particularly with children are peanut allergies on the advance. Allergies would generally begin mostly at the childhood age.

Asthma and hay cold far spread

According to Bufe suffer up to seven per cent of the 5 - to 15-Jährigen in Germany at Neurodermitis, up to twelve per cent at asthma and up to 15 per cent would have hay cold. For their specializedmedical supply however straight once 460 Kinder-und of youth physicians with allergologischer further training would be available.

With allergies the immune system arranges itself inadvertently against harmless substances such as Pollen or dust, which estimates it as dangerous. In the opinion of experts each third adult at an allergy in the meantime already suffers. Thereby the breath way allergies are most frequent. According to estimations of the specialists only about each tenth Allergiker is correctly therapiert. In Erfurt those still exchange approximately 1000 participants of the congress up to Saturday new scientific realizations. The conference is organized together for the third time by the three allergologischen specialized companies. (DPA)

Headache Wenns in the head pounds and hammers

Headache is a typical simulator excuse for Arbeitsunlust, migraine a woman illness? Who did not experience it, humans with chronic headache or migraine to understand will not be able. First it is only weak pulling, but, pounds and puckert the whole head roars sometime: Headache is one of the most frequent diseases of the whole world. For better clearing-up the German headache day takes place on 5 September.

Berlin - in Germany clearly more than half of all humans suffers regularly from headache attacks: To scarcely 40 per cent of the adults fight according to data of the forum to pain regularly with so-called tension headache, further 10 per cent suffer under migraine. Causing concern is also the rising number of the children and young people concerned. Thus know according to the migräne and headache company already more than one third of all teenagers the agony of the recurring headache. For better clearing-up over the different headache forms organize from there pharmacies, groups of self-helps and German becoming green cross on 5 September the German headache day.

Search for the cause

Both with the tension headache and with the migraine it concerns so-called primary headache, i.e., the pain is not a symptom of an illness, but the illness. The actual causes of the headache are investigated until today not completely, even if the illness is so far common. “How the name one already says, assumes with tension headache strutted muscles the problem are”, explains the director/conductor of the forum pain of German becoming green cross, Dietmar ruffle, from Marburg. At least the symptoms let that to be assumed as reciprocally, dully/mustily pressing pain more easily to middle intensity. Of “one is safe real itself however not.” The migraine connected with substantially stronger health restrictions however has probably different causes. “Studies point out that an overactivity of the nerves of the brain stem is responsible for it”, explains the expert. This again excessively sets many chemical messengers free such as serotonin, so that the blood vessels in the brain swell. “This swelling presses on the surrounding nerves and releases a pulsating, pounding pain.”

Weather as a cause

As if that would not be enough, must headache-susceptible humans in the coming weeks on still larger problems count. New studies occupy a connection between the weather and the headache attacks, like the medical director/conductor of the East German of headache center in Berlin, January Peter Jansen, on the occasion of a meeting to the topic in Berlin said. Therefore above all Wetterwechsel cause pain in the head, can nevertheless unstable weather conditions for the entire body “pure stress” be. Changes therefore as in the approaching autumn high and low again and again off, the pain risk rises itself. “In addition it comes that blood vessels, nerves and muscles very near because of the surface of the head are, why these already pull together with small drops of temperature - which”, explains the physician can release headache. “Against it one can hardly protect oneself, it can however help to sit up in wet-cold weather a cap so that the head cools down less.”

Further causes for tension headache can be psychosocial stress (family, work or everyday life), working in wrong body attitude or with bad light, an unhealthy life change (alcohol, nicotine), too little sleep or disturbances of the chewing apparatus (tooth-crunch). For migraine beside Wetterwechseln the following causes (triggers) are designated: Stress, physical effort, food and alcohol, deviations from the used sleep rhythm, hormoneal problems (Menstruation or contraceptives). With both disease pictures are women more frequently affected than men.

Possibilities of treatment

With migraine only one physician can find the suitable medication. There are about 16 differently Migränearten, from there is difficult it for a layman to constitute, who means is the suitable thing. The treatment should be discussed and prepared with the specialist.

Against tension headache one does not have to work compellingly directly with pain killers. Often a walk at fresh air or the improvement of the conditions of work (seat, light, sufficient breaks) is sufficient. An old house means against headache is Minzöl. With arising pain it will rub on the Schläfen and the forehead, if necessary can be given with strong pain also a drop on the tongue. If all should not help these measures, pain killer with the active substances is recommended acetylsalicylic acid (ASS), Paracetamol, Ibuprofen or Naproxen. With chronically running forms of the tension headache Ärzet use up frequently combination preparations, because so the specific side effects of the individual active substances be minimized and the pain-satisfying effect can be maximised.

“Many patients do not know however at all that migraine and normal headache are differently treated and to suffer unnecessarily for a long time”, so Dietmar ruffle. Therefore headache-troubled humans with their physician should clarify, which pain form it exactly concerns with them. (with DPA)

Diabetics have problems with blood sugar measuring instruments

Blood sugar measuring instruments place many users before problems. The university of the media in Stuttgart tested 14 devices. The result: many are user unfriendly and provoke errors with serious consequences for the health.

Stuttgart - of the eight million diabetics in Germany it falls many heavily to serve their blood sugar measuring instruments correctly. To this result information designers of the university of the media (HdM) come into Stuttgart to an investigation of 14 devices available in the trade. Some showed up as a little user friendly and provoked control errors. These are more serious with medicine devices than with a computer or a mobile phone, remind the university.

If the blood sugar is incorrectly read off due to a wrong operation, the diabetic proportions its medicines not correctly and suffers a health damage. Therefore medicine devices must have to be used safe and intuitive. In addition the legislator obligates the manufacturers the data according to since June 2006 with the auxiliary standard ISO 60601-1-6.

Decision for a measuring instrument must be well considered

The tested devices exhibited nevertheless large differences in the use friendliness. “From well arranged operations to dangerous work procedures with the equipment we found, say everything” the Forscherin involved Maike Reichel. Thus an older subject did not interpret “24h” than time format, but when dosage instruction concluded and: “I must squirt 24 units.” Another equipment requested the user to laying on of blood, although the Teststreifen was incorrectly introduced.

Forscherin Reichel recommends to diabetics and physicians to consider the decision for a measuring instrument well. Good measuring instruments such as Accu Chek Aviva of Roche and Ascensia Contour of Bavarian guaranteed a safe measurement in few steps. Diabetics could access there on important functions over a large and well readable display fast.

Purchase craze continues to increase: Therapy places are not sufficient

Purchase craze is just as far common in Germany as depression. In the meantime there is proven therapies, which help concerning from the craze, the demand exceeds however meanwhile the therapy places, which there are in this country.

Attain Ludwigshafen - at the first sight Michael Neuner was shaken. In the cellar of the woman the bags to under the cover piled up themselves, as far as the eye is enough. Not possibly to also only enter the area. From the shopping bags articles of clothing, on which still the labels hung, poured untouched and ungetragen. The shock sits deeply, although Michael Neuner knows long: The lady is purchase addicted. It contacted it, because it concerns itself at the transatlantic institute of the college of further education in Ludwigshafen with the diseased purchase.

Ever more and ever more expensively

The concerning would feel the irresistible urge to buy, say Neuner. At the sight of the commodity they lose any control and feel in a forced manner to slam shut. Untreatedly this impulse control disturbance accepts ever more drastic extents: It is bought ever more and ever more expensively. Only for the moment the purchase action makes itself thereby a feeling of the satisfaction broadly, that shortly thereafter
into debt feelings however often changes, because the concerning it becomes conscious that they transacted an unnecessary provision.

“Nearly always buy the products concerned, which never use it, which keep it then at home or” Neuner give away, describe. Pretty often the behavior disturbance is noticeable only if the account slips due to the constant expenditures in the minus. The existence-threatening situation does not make it possible then longer to lock before the mental problem the eyes.

Purchase craze is as far common as depression

Although the phenomenon of the purchase craze hardly made speeches so far of itself, it is just as far common as depressions. The Leipziger psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin described it already at the beginning 20. Century as “Oniomanie”. In the meantime about, calculated the Ludwigshafener purchase craze researcher is purchase-look for-endangered eight per cent of the Germans on the basis an inquiry. “I assume the number will continue to rise”, says Neuner.

Women and men prefer thereby different products: While to shoes, clothes, Kosmetika or food seizes you, it avails itself with electronic devices and sports articles. With the purchases the concerning compensate a self value feeling lacking or displace fears, describe Neuner some the causes. In addition, the temptations of the Shoppings were never larger than today. Special offers signs at each corner, commodity can be acquired in rates or on credit, and in the Internet is enough even more only one click. The money disappears meanwhile quietly and invisibly from the purse.

Behavior therapy analyzes purchase behavior

Although the purchase craze ruins many households burdening and relations, so far nobody had systematically examined, how can be helped to the concerning. Martina de Zwaan of the Psychosomati and Psychotherapeuti department of the University of attaining Nuremberg closed this gap now. It submitted of ten weeks a group of 62 purchase-addicted long one
Behavior therapy.

First the purchase behavior was analyzed, all purchases had to be logged. “An indispensable first step is, between inadequate and appropriate purchases to differentiate”, describes it. “The group dynamics constitute thereby very much because the concerning can expose themselves mutually better.” In the reality the useless provisions often become as necessary
justified. A female patient umdekoriert for example once in the month their dwelling and had to buy Deko articles for it constantly. Only after the unnecessary purchases are uncovered, becomes in that
Therapy searched for possible causes.

With this working method de Zwaan could achieve a large success: All participants profited of the group therapy. A great many could control their inclination to buy. A half year after
nobody had suffered a relapse, how she reports in the “journal OF Clinical Psychiatry”. Somewhat less effectively the therapy proved with those participants, those the bought products strongholds. One must include that strongholds into the therapy, believes de Zwaan. It would like to develop the therapy further for it.

“Absolute Abstinenz cannot be a therapy goal”

The concerning will not have healed in addition, after the therapy - similarly as alcohol or drug-dependent. They will feel the urge again and again to buy much. It becomes also back cases
give, get straight de Zwaan. Buy is socially appreciative, neither tabuisiert nor dispensable like drug consumption. “Absolute Abstinenz can be no therapy goal”, says the Erlanger female scientist. Purchase-susceptible mind must learn to deal with their Faible and to understand a unique shopping frenzy as warning signal, in order to seize measures.

Since the Erlanger offers group of therapy meetings for purchase-addicted, announce themselves more and more concerning. Long the places in the courses are not sufficient. De Zwaan hopes now that other Psychotherapeuten likewise offers the specific therapy.

Volume disk incident remains sometimes unnoticed

Many volume disk incidents come only by other investigations coincidentally to the appearance. That means also that not all volume disk incidents are problematic. Only, if pain arises, it must be treated, in some cases also operationally.

Wiesbaden - with strong pain in the lower back concerning assume frequently a volume disk incident. But that is not always the case. “A volume disk incident becomes apparent by completely typical pain”, says Wolfgang Bolten, medical director and head physician the Klaus Miehlke hospital for Rheumatologie in Wiesbaden. These radiate out into the Gesäß and along the leg exteriors in the knee or even into the foot joints.

Many volume disk incidents are coincidentally discovered

The pain develops, if the volume disk presses on a nerve. But does not happen always: “With approximately 40 per cent over 35-Jährigen a volume disk incident is discovered with another investigation coincidentally”, reports Bolten. That means also the fact that such a volume disk incident is not always problematic and usually only with the occurrence of pain must be treated. “Then it is important to provide and afterwards with patient gymnastic to the back strengthen with the concerning with medicines for pain freedom.” Besides back gymnastic is the best prevention against a volume disk incident.

If a nerve is completely clamped, leads to serious symptoms. Since nerves supply leg muscles with impulses, it can come according to Bolten to Motorikstörungen. And also internal organs like the blister can be concerned. In such cases frequently an operation becomes necessary.

Psychopharmacologic drugs do not make inevitably dependent

Antidepressives do not make inevitably dependent. Many patients set from this fear their important medicines off however exactly. With other medicines is required in this regard to more caution.

Berlin - tablets against headache or hypertension take most humans without large doubts. If it concerns psychopharmacologic drugs, many humans are more sceptical. “With most psychopharmacologic drugs, which are used for the long-term treatment by mental illnesses, the fear is to become dependent however unfounded”, says Ursula Havemann Reinecke of the German society for psychiatry, psychotherapy and nerve medicine (DGPPN). Antidepressives are an important component of the therapy of depressions and Neuroleptika. Patients should not set the medicines off under any circumstances from fear of a dependence, explained those expert.

Certain Tranquilizer has a higher craze potential. “In 80 per cent of the cases of medicine dependence the Benzodiazepine concerned takes, which ranks among the tranquilizers. In addition, pain killer Codein, a Opiat, which is contained in some cough mixtures, because it suppresses the cough stimulus, has a high craze potential”, described Havemann Reinecke. Stress in the occupation, family conflicts, desire and Antriebslosigkeit or sleeplessness can lead fast into a problematic consumption of medicines with dependence potential.

Illness changes the personality

“Are aimed such medicines today however only very much and temporally limited begun”, says franc miner of the professional association of German mental specialists. Most psychopharmacologic drugs make dependent nor change them the personality neither according to for its statements. “It is rather the illness, which can change the personality, if it is not treated”, explains miner.

The physician recruits for more understandings opposite humans with mental illnesses. Depressions about are not an indication of weakness or Verrücktheit, but an illness like every different one. Antidepressives can bring the disturbed neurotransmitter budget in the brain back in order. Frequently a psychotherapy is recommended as therapy addition

After Armtransplantation: Healing runs “amazingly well”

With a tragic industrial accident farmer lost Karl notices from the Allgäu both arms. In the July of this yearly it the arms of an organ donor were transplanted. Now it stepped for the first time before the press, in order to present its new arms: “I do not give it.”

Munich - with a transplant of two complete arms the clinical center has on the right of the Isar DOES Munich on 26 July new ground entered: Karl notice, a 54-jährigen farmer, who had lost both arms on height of the upper arms with an industrial accident before six years, in a 15-stündigen operation of two complete arms were transplanted. The hospital line communicated that was never before humans a so large quantity of strange fabric one would have transplanted. At the operation approximately a 40-köpfiges team was involved.

A special clinical challenge was that it concerns with the transplants fabric, which consists of different components such as skin and marrow. Therefore was and is particularly large the danger of a repulsion. With a therapy, which combines the standards of the medicamentous treatment after an organ as well as after a Knochenmarkstransplantation, the medical profession try now to work against. After so far however no defence reactions were proven, the dosage of the immunsuppressiven therapy could be already gradually reduced.

Eight hours of training daily

A further goal of the treatment is it to promote the structure of the nerves and to prevent a dismantling of the musculature. But the patient must complete daily an eight-hour program with patient gymnastic and electrical stimulation of the musculature. He is assistance of a special therapy “to learn” that he has again arms. Whether the regeneration of the nerves has success, can be said at the earliest in one and a half to two years, since nerves only about a millimeter grow on the day into the transplant. In addition, the physicians are optimistic here: The patient reports already of a first „Kribbeln “in the upper arm underneath the scars. The healing runs “amazingly well”, reported on Wednesday the treating physicians as well as notices before the press. If it runs further so well, it can in four to six weeks will home dismiss.

“I give it no longer ago”

There do not notice its both arms yet alone to carry can, is dependent it on a particularly designed stretcher rack. Thus it can move however already relatively freely, reported themselves the 54jährige. It can open doors already independently and serve also the light switch or a remote maintenance for the television set. With Umblättern of the newspaper and when eating he is however still dependent on assistance. He cannot introduce himself any longer, without being its new arms, said the man: “I give it no longer ago”. Karl notice after a television broadcast with the desire for a transplant to the clinical center had come closer, after it had not gotten along in the years after its accident with different artificial prostheses.

Mouth solutions harm the stomach

Bacteria in the saliva are necessary for the blood circulation in the gastric mucosa. Also these “good” bacteria are killed by mouth water. Particularly in combination with medicines it can come to complications. Experts guess/advise to the caution.

Munich - disinfecting Wässerchen for mouth and throat area provides for a fresh breath. Such gargling solutions could harm the stomach however, say Martin bush, specialist for internal medicine in Munich. Because the bacteria in the saliva, which are killed by the means, play an important role for the blood circulation of the gastric mucosa.

Nitrates are converted into nitrides

Scientific investigations showed according to bush recently that the bacteria convert nitrates in the mouth into nitrides. From these nitrides in the stomach nitrogen oxide is formed. This chemical messenger adjusts the flow of blood, which promotes the renewal of the gastric mucosa and which gastric wall protects against the aggressive gastric acid.

If the mouth bacteria are killed by the disinfecting solutions, the nitride formation becomes and the regeneration of the gastric mucosa obviously impairs. That could become according to data of bush in particular with such patients a problem, with whom the gastric mucosa is frequently already attacked: Humans with heart cycle problems about, those regularly medicines also
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASS) take. ASS increases the risk of bleedings in the gastric wall

Knochenimplantante from bio plastic

Everything becomes bio - now also the bone replacement. Bioactive calcium mineral and Polyhydroxybuttersäure are to replace in the future metal implants and reduce repulsion reactions and incompatibilities. In few years the bio bones could be used.

Leipzig - implants made of metal are not always stood as bone replacement by the body. An alternative “art bones” could be from a bacterially produced bio plastic, which are investigated at the translation center for renewable medicine (TRM) in Leipzig. The new material copies the natural bone in material composition, micro mechanics and surface relief very exactly, reports the TRM.

Bio bone: Climbing scaffold for new cells

A goal of the research is it to create a replacement for bones those due to a trauma, a tumor or degenerative diseases was missing, reports the material scientist Sven Henning. In addition on the one hand an bioactive calcium mineral is used, which can be settled well by cells, but is not break-proof. It is combined with and thus very sturdy the bio plastic Polyhydroxybuttersäure modified by a special procedure. It is bacterially produced.

“Our new material permitted not only the basic and properly matching replacement for missing bones, but is at the same time a climbing scaffold for new cells, which find, describe therein optimal growth conditions” to Henning the advantages of the “bio bone”. Compared with metal implants sink the risk of repulsion reactions and incompatibilities substantially. At the same time stimulate the material the new formation of bone cells.

Präklini study phase begins

As next step a präklinische study phase is planned. If the attempts should be successful, the first patients at thighs could according to data of Henning in five to eight years or lower arms of bio implants assigned get.

TRM Leipzig was created in October 2006 with the goal of developing new diagnostics and therapy forms of the renewable medicine of evaluating and of transferring into clinical application. It is one from Germany far four large research centers in the range of the renewable medicine.

Lung damage with, earlyborn can be avoided

The lung from earlyborn is usually unreif and threatens when breathing out to collapse. Because you are missing a protective film for the alveoli, also to Surfactant mentioned. But the presently usual gift of Surfactant under machine artificial respiration can damage the lung. Therefore the Neonatologen at the university clinic Bonn does without an artificial respiration and a new method developed to give Surfactant.


Bonn - came Nile three months too early into the world - with a birth weight of somewhat over 500 gram a maximum risk child. Because its unreife lung produced still no Surfactant. This mixture from proteins and fats lowers the surface tension of the alveoli. Without Surfactant the alveoli - like a tent without bars - collapse when breathing out in itself. The children develop a lethal difficulty in breathing syndrome. Therefore they were intubiert so far directly after the birth with a hose by the nose through into the bronchial tube and several days were artificially respirated by machine.

The end of the 80's imported additional gift of Surfactant over the artificially respirating hose into the lung, won from animal lungs, improved the chances of survival of small earlyborn enormously. “The machine artificial respiration endangers the lung nevertheless, since it can overstretch the sensitive fabric. Possible consequence is a Bronchopulmonale Dysplasie”, says Markus Treichel, upper physician in the department of Neonatologie at the university clinic Bonn. The babies concerned suffer from difficulty in breathing, increased heart frequency and high calorie consumption by the increased breath work - heavy breath way infections, right heart load as well as growth and development disturbances threaten.

Small earlyborn can breathe

Therefore the Bonn Neonatologen of Nile offered parents to give Surfactant shortly after the birth under spontaneous respiration thus without connection of a respirator. “All necessary one should be done for our child”, says Ulrike L. on 11 November 2007 was it so far, and Nile came loud crying into the world. “He wanted to breathe and needed only our support. In former times was underestimated, what the earlyborn can do, say already everything - a paradigm shift in the medicine” its firstsupplying child physician Axel Heep, leading upper physician to the Bonn university Neonatologie. In the first minutes after the birth the Bonn Neonatologen led carefully a probe - as thin as a Kugelschreibermine - across the nose into the upper respiratory system. There they gave Surfactant to about 30 drops to the lung, which distributed itself there.

The procedure took only some minutes, however much experience requires. “The probe is smaller than the larynx, and the children can breathe further. With an intubation against it the hose moves the respiratory system”, explains Treichel. Usually a gift is enough, because rapidly after the birth the babies begin to produce even Surfactant. Subsequently, over a mask breathing air under easy positive pressure is transported into the respiratory system. This easy positive pressure keeps the lungs open. “The children breathe independently and adjust their respiration. We do not have to artificially respirate it by machine normally any longer, except them are exhausted or gotten sick at a pneumonia”, said Treichel.

Portion of the by machine artificially respirated children reduces

The team around Peter Bartmann, director of the Neonatologie at the university clinic Bonn, knew the portion of the by machine artificially respirated children, before the 33. Pregnancy week into the world came, from 65 per cent to 52 per cent lower. Besides the artificially respirating days of on the average eleven to five reduced days. “We could a gentler care of the Frühchen achieve and thus in addition the occurrence of a Bronchopulmonalen Dysplasie from 20 per cent to 9 per cent lower”, are pleased Treichel.

Also Nile no machine artificial respiration needed and is now also over five kilograms a normal healthy child. Since at the beginning of February is it with its parents at home and develops marvelously.

* earlyborn can be avoided
* Lung damage
* Treatments & Therapies

Beautiful , art alleviates pain

Beautifully or not beautifully - about taste can be argued. About what however any longer it cannot be argued is the fact that aesthetics plays a not insignificant role with the Schmerzlinderung. Famous Italian works of art had to prove their aesthetics for the attempt. The result is amazingly, confirmed however older assumptions.

London - a beautiful picture works schmerzlindernd. Pain is felt less intensively thereby around a third, as if a neutral or ugly picture is regarded. At the same time also the reaction of the brain to the pain stimulus is weaker, as researchers found out around Marina de Tommaso of the University of Bari. On the results of the study the science magazine reports “new Scientist”.

The Italian researcher team followed for the first time to the question, which role beauty plays during the pain sensation. In addition the neuro scientists used Italian paintings, for example from Botticelli or Leonardo da Vinci. The twelve participants of the investigation selected 20, which found them at the hässlichsten under 300 paintings 20, which pleased them best, and. Subsequently, they regarded either the beautiful or the ugly pictures or a neutral black surface, while a laser pulse released a pain stimulus on their hand.

Pain sensation around a third smaller

If the test persons let the pleasant pictures affect itself, its pain sensation was smaller around a third than with the neutral or ugly pictures. Fastened electrodes indicated at the same time at the head that also the brain reacted with beautiful pictures less strongly to the pain: The P200, a positive summit of the electrical brain activity, which attention and the processing of attractions reflect, failed with regarding the beautiful paintings smaller.

It is well-known that diverson in the hospital can contribute to alleviate the pain of the patients says de Tommaso. But hospitals are often sober and arranged functional. “We think however that aesthetic aspects should be considered during the mechanism more”, say the Italian Hirnforscherin.